Early Theories of Atomic Structure

In 1897, J. J. Thomson announced his discovery of the electron and the fact that atoms must have some structure. Thomson proposed the plum pudding model of the atom. He postulated that the negatively charged electrons were scattered throughout a cloud of positive charge.

In 1909 Ernest Rutherford's nuclear scattering experiments showed that atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons. He envisioned the electrons orbiting the nucleus in a matter analogous to the planets orbiting the Sun.

Rutherford's solar system analogy for atomic structure however had serious problems. Bohr's model of the atom used principles from quantum mechanics to better explain atomic structure.

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